How to spot scams like "Overdue Payment"

What kind of scam is "Overdue Payment"?

We have reviewed the email and found that it is an advance-fee scam designed to manipulate victims into providing personal information and (or) making fraudulent payments. Such emails usually contain fake claims to deceive recipients. They should be ignored to avoid monetary loss, identity theft, or other problems.

More about the "Overdue Payment" scam email

This scam email claims to be from Mr. John Kevin, a foreign remittance director. It states that a senator has reported the recipient as deceased. The email also says that $10.5 million in overdue funds from the U.S. government is set to be transferred to a third party, Mrs. Kerry Morton, at a bank in Arkansas.

The email urges the recipient to confirm they are alive and provide a direct phone number. Usually, the goal of such scams is to deceive recipients into paying fraudulent/fake fees (e.g., administration or transaction fees) or disclosing sensitive data, supposedly to reclaim nonexistent funds.

It is important to stay cautious and not fall for the manipulative tactics often used in these scams.

Similar scam emails in general

Emails like these are usually attempts aimed at tricking recipients into revealing personal information or taking other actions (e.g., transferring money to scammers). They often offer large sums of money for participation. It is important to ignore these emails and never respond or click on any links.

Sometimes, deceptive emails are used to trick recipients into infecting their computers. Some examples of emails similar to the one we reviewed are "Non-payment Of Fund", "Covid-19 Response Fund", and "Reliable Trustee".

How do spam campaigns infect computers?

Threat actors spread malware via email by attaching harmful files or including malicious links. Some of these files can infect a system as soon as they are opened, while others require the user to take action, like enabling macros in a document. Common file types used in these attacks include PDFs, Office documents, scripts, ZIP files, and executables.

When malicious links are included, clicking them can trigger an automatic malware download or lead to fake websites that attempt to trick users into downloading the malicious software themselves.

How to avoid installation of malware?

Exercise caution with unsolicited or irrelevant emails from unfamiliar sources, particularly those with links or attachments. Always download software and files from official websites or well-known app stores. Keep your operating system and apps up to date, and run regular scans using a trusted security tool.

It is also important to deny notification requests from suspicious sites and avoid clicking ads, pop-ups, buttons, or links on untrustworthy websites. If you have already opened malicious attachments, we recommend running a scan with Combo Cleaner Antivirus for Windows to automatically eliminate infiltrated malware.

Text presented in the "Overdue Payment" email letter:

Subject: Urgent reply

Are you alive? If yes, have you received your overdue payment from the United States government?

I am asking this question today because of the letter we got from a one-time senator of the federation dated 02/01/2025. In his letter, he said that you are now late and that your funds of US$10.5M should be transferred to one of Mrs.Kerry Morton's bank accounts with First National Bank in Arkansas, United States of America.

Since I have your email on our system, I decided to send this message through your email address today hoping to find out if you are dead as he claimed or still alive. Also, find out if you are given the Power of Attorney for anyone to represent you in claiming your overdue payment.

Kindly respond to this letter today if you are still alive with your direct working telephone number to let us know if you are aware of this plan, as the senator claimed.

I urgently hope to get your response as soon as possible.

Yours Sincerely,

Mr. John Kevin
Director of Foreign Remittance.

Another example of overdue payment-themed spam email:

Text presented within:

Subject: Attention: My Good Friend,

Attention: My Good Friend,

I am writing to inform you that your contact information is among the long overdue payment files brought to us by the United Nations,in conjunction with the International Monetary Fund (IMF),United States treasury Department and HM Revenue & Customs of the United Kingdom/Africa for a factual business transaction, due for payment.

My duty is to contact you and help you, but if you do not respond to my email my conscience will stop judging me. Before I proceed, I wish to introduce myself to you, I am Mr. Jim inbox Henry , the computer manager of the Central Bank of Nigeria (where Foreign transfers are programmed before transferring to beneficiary accounts) I deem its fit to write and ask, if at all you do think as a normal human being, even somebody with half brain who has been dealing with some individual for the past 7 years till the moment without achieving anything, and he or she continues dealing with the people, I think there is abnormality there.

I know that people do not value truth this time, but I am surprised that you have been dealing with people in this office without achieving anything. Instead you continue sending $30, $50, $100 and $200 to people to achieve their selfish interest, why? Now my good friend,

if you can assure me that you will not reveal to anybody what I have told you, I will tell you what you do to get your payment made to your bank account through our correspondence bank without much impediment.
Finally, on no account should you reveal me to anybody till you get your payment as I have said, this is because I have my family that are still young that I have to take care of and train, so please for my safety keep this very secret,

The board of directors of the Community Foundation for Greater Atlanta, along with the IMF and the United Nations,HM Revenue & Customs of the United Kingdom/Africa has approved a total fund of $500 million for the compensation. This initiative has been organized in collaboration with the UN and IMF to support those affected.

The United Nations, International Monetary Fund (IMF),United States treasury Department and HM Revenue & Customs of the United Kingdom/Africa have cleared your payment documents as "Genuine-Sourced Fund,"and have decided to roll you into a compensational payment of $10 Million usd(Ten Million,United States Dollars), to be paid within 7 working days.

Regard to the payment procedure you will receive your funds through COMPUTER FLASH DRIVE/CD DISKETTE PAYMENT, the directing booklet that contain all the information You need to make the transfer, Will come with the FLASH DRIVE/CD DISKETTE through private courier delivery company .As soon as you agree to work on the instructions,

Below is the procedure

1, Note i will buy the software and the FLASH DRIVE/CD DISKETTE it depends what your system has to download and program all the information here at my cost.

2, i will open online account in your name which i will program with the software FLASH DRIVE OR CD DISKETTE for the online transfer with your computer over there,

3, i can't do the transfer here because my bank governor will know and block it.

4, we will need both sides' support. You will take care of the shipment fee, and while I will buy the transfer software with FLASH DRIVE/CD DISKETTE and activate it with my cost here for shipment.

The original FLASH DRIVE OR CD DISKETTE payment will be coming by courier after you paid for the shipment, i have to take time and things what i am doing is secret, i have legalize document in my cost, All the online transfer information will be coming with the package and direction booklet how to make transfer online to your account. Please get back to me if it is ok for you to enable me to proceed with the Loading of your funds into your FLASH DRIVE/CD DISKETTE PAYMENT,I WILL SEND TO YOU ALL THE TRANSFER KEYS. LO-GIN AND USERNAME.

I hope to hear from you, I wish you all the best of luck, as soon as you receive this email, kindly get back to me. I am waiting to hear from you, everything still remains secret. I don't want anybody to know this both here and there. keep to yourself until we finalize this FLASH DRIVE/CD DISKETTE payment.
PLEASE REPLY TO MY PRIVATE EMAIL: mrjimnew@yahoo.com
PRIVATE PHONE: +234 808-872-5307

Thank you, and I look forward to your reply.,
Best regards,
Mr. Jim Inbox Henry
(The computer manager of the Central Bank of Nigeria)

Instant automatic malware removal:

Manual threat removal might be a lengthy and complicated process that requires advanced IT skills. Combo Cleaner is a professional automatic malware removal tool that is recommended to get rid of malware. Download it by clicking the button below:

By downloading any software listed on this website you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. To use full-featured product, you have to purchase a license for Combo Cleaner. 7 days free trial available. Combo Cleaner is owned and operated by RCS LT, the parent company of PCRisk.com.

Types of malicious emails:

If you opened an attachment or downloaded a file from a suspicious email, run a full system scan with Combo Cleaner. If you only received the email and didn't engage with it, you don't need to scan anything - just identify the scam and delete it. The full procedure below covers both situations and what to do if you already clicked, replied, or sent money.

Credential theft Phishing emails

Fake login pages disguised as PayPal, Microsoft, Apple, banks, or social networks. The email pushes a link to a near-perfect copy of the real login screen. The moment you type your username and password, the attacker has them.

Common subject lines

• "Action required: confirm your account"
• "Your password expires today"
• "Unusual sign-in attempt detected"
• "Verify your billing information"

Malware delivery Emails with malicious attachments

Trojans hidden inside fake invoices, faxes, shipping confirmations, or Office documents. Opening the attachment runs the payload and infects the system - often with an info-stealer or remote-access trojan.

Common subject lines

• "Invoice INV-2026-XXXX attached"
• "Fax received - 3 pages"
• "Your shipping document is ready"
• "Voicemail from +1-XXX-XXX-XXXX"

Extortion Sextortion emails

Fake claims of webcam recordings demanding cryptocurrency. Almost always a bluff: the attacker pulls a real password from an old data breach to make the threat look credible, then claims to have video of you. They have no recording and no access.

Common subject lines

• "I know your password is XXXX"
• "Your account has been hacked"
• "I have recorded you - 48 hours to pay"
• "You have been compromised"

Callback fraud Refund & callback scams

"Your subscription was renewed for $499 - call to cancel." Norton, McAfee, Geek Squad, PayPal, and Wells Fargo variants are all common. There's no real subscription. The phone number in the email connects directly to the scammer, who walks you through "refunding" yourself - which is actually them stealing money from your bank.

Common subject lines

• "Norton subscription auto-renewed - $499.99"
• "McAfee Total Protection invoice"
• "Geek Squad order confirmation"
• "Your PayPal payment is being processed"

Credential theft Account suspension & verification scams

"Your account will be deleted in 24 hours - verify now." The artificial deadline is the whole point: it pressures you to click before checking details. The "verify" link goes to a phishing page styled to look like the real provider.

Common subject lines

• "Your account will be deleted in 24 hours"
• "Suspicious activity detected - verify now"
• "Final warning: account closure"
• "Action required to keep your account active"

Mixed payload Delivery & package scams

Fake DHL, USPS, UPS, or FedEx tracking, customs fees, or "package undeliverable" notices. Targets anyone expecting a parcel - the timing alone catches many people. The link hides either phishing (asking for card details to "release" the package) or a malware download.

Common subject lines

• "Your DHL package is held at customs"
• "USPS - delivery attempt failed"
• "FedEx tracking update - action required"
• "Pay $2.99 redelivery fee to release your parcel"

Remote access Tech support scams

Fake Microsoft, Apple, or "Windows Defender" security alerts pushing a phone number. Real Microsoft and Apple never email a phone number to call. The number connects you to a scammer who asks for remote access to "fix" the imaginary problem and then demands payment.

Common subject lines

• "Microsoft Defender expired - renew now"
• "Apple ID security alert"
• "Critical: virus detected on your PC"
• "Windows license expired - call now"

Wire fraud Advance-fee scams

Inheritance, lottery wins, romance, or business deals that ask for a small fee to release a much larger sum. The classic "Nigerian prince" 419 family of frauds. Once you pay the first fee, more fees appear (taxes, lawyer, transfer charges) until you stop paying. The promised money never exists.

Common subject lines

• "Inheritance from a relative you didn't know about"
• "You won the international lottery"
• "URGENT - business proposal worth $XX million"
• "Compensation fund release for fraud victims"

Wire fraud Business email compromise (BEC)

CEO impersonation asking employees to wire money or buy gift cards, or fake supplier invoices with newly "updated" bank details for payment redirection. The email often spoofs a real internal executive's display name and uses an external lookalike domain.

Common subject lines

• "Quick task - need you to buy gift cards"
• "Updated banking details for invoice payment"
• "Wire transfer request - urgent"
• "Are you available?" (CEO impersonation opener)

How to spot a malicious email?

Phase 1~ 2 min

Spot - identify the red flags

---

1

Check the sender's actual address, not the display name

30 sec

The display name (the human-readable part) is trivial to fake. Always check the full address that comes after it. Common red flags:

• Domain mismatch - service@paypa1.com, support@micros0ft-help.com, look-alike domains using digits or extra hyphens
• Free-email impersonation - any "official" message from a bank, courier, or platform sent from a @gmail.com, @outlook.com, or @yahoo.com address
• Reply-To mismatch - the From address looks legitimate but Reply-To points somewhere completely different

Why this matters

Real companies own their domains and send mail from them. A "DHL" message from a Gmail address is never legitimate, regardless of how convincing the body looks.

2

Watch for urgency, threats, and generic greetings

30 sec

Scams almost always rush you. The point is to make you act before you think. Treat any of the following as a strong signal:

• "Your account will be deleted in 24 hours"
• "Final notice" / "Immediate action required"
• "Dear Customer" or "Dear User" instead of your real name
• Threats of fines, account closure, legal action, or arrest
• Promises of refunds, prizes, or money you didn't earn
• Spelling and grammar mistakes in messages claiming to come from a major brand

3

Hover over every link before clicking

30 sec

On a desktop, hover the mouse over the link without clicking. The real destination shows in the bottom-left status bar of your browser or email client. On a phone, long-press the link to preview the URL.

• Real Microsoft, PayPal, or bank links go to those exact domains, not redirects through unrelated sites
• Shortened URLs (bit.ly, tinyurl, t.co) hide the real destination - never click them in unsolicited mail
• The visible link text and the actual URL must match - mismatches are the single biggest phishing red flag

Pro tip

When in doubt, don't click the link. Open a new browser tab and type the company's address yourself, then log in normally. If there really is an issue with your account, you'll see it there.

4

Treat unexpected attachments as hostile

30 sec

If you didn't ask for the file, don't open it - even if it appears to come from someone you know. Categories that should never be opened from email without verification through another channel:

• .exe, .scr, .iso, .img, .vbs, .bat - executables, never legitimate attachments
• .docx, .xlsx, .pptx with "Enable macros" prompts - the macros run the malware
• .pdf with "Click here to view" buttons - usually a phishing redirect, not a real document
• .zip, .rar, .7z archives, especially password-protected ones - the password defeats the email scanner

Phase 2~ 2 min

Report and delete - if you haven't engaged

---

If you only received the email and didn't reply, click, or open anything, the steps below are all you need. Your computer is not infected.

5

Don't reply, don't click "unsubscribe"

30 sec

Replying confirms your address is real and monitored, which gets you added to higher-value scam lists. The "unsubscribe" link in a scam message is rarely a real opt-out - it usually leads to a phishing page or downloads a tracking pixel.

Instead, mark the message as junk or phishing inside your email client (this trains the spam filter), then block the sender.

6

Report the scam to your email provider and authorities

1 min

Inside your email client:

• Gmail: open the message → ⋮ menu → Report phishing
• Outlook / Outlook.com: ⋯ menu → Report → Report phishing
• Apple Mail / iCloud: Move to Junk, then forward to reportphishing@apple.com

Forward or report to authorities:

• International: forward to reportphishing@apwg.org
• United States: ic3.gov (FBI)
• United Kingdom: forward phishing emails to report@phishing.gov.uk (NCSC SERS); for financial loss report at reportfraud.police.uk (Report Fraud, the successor to Action Fraud; 0300 123 2040)
• Canada: antifraudcentre.ca
• Australia: scamwatch.gov.au
• EU: your national CERT - find yours via the ENISA CSIRT map

After reporting, delete the email and empty the Trash folder so you don't accidentally open it later.

Phase 3~ 10–60 min

Recover - if you already engaged with the scam

---

Pick the step below that matches what you did. If multiple apply, work through them in the order they appear - the steps are arranged from lowest to highest risk.

7

You only clicked a link (didn't enter anything or download anything)

Scenario: clicked link only10 min

Close the page right away. Don't enter any information, even if the page looks legitimate.

• Clear your browser cache and cookies for the last hour - Chrome/Edge: Ctrl+Shift+Del → Last hour → check Cookies and Cached files
• Run a quick scan with Combo Cleaner in case the page tried to drop a file silently (drive-by download)
• Update your browser to the latest version - most drive-by exploits target outdated browsers
• Watch for new browser pop-ups, redirects, or unfamiliar notifications over the next few days

Why this matters

Modern browsers block most drive-by attacks, but a single click on a phishing page can still be enough on an outdated browser or unpatched plugin. A quick scan catches anything that landed silently.

8

You opened an attachment or downloaded a file - run a full malware scan

Scenario: opened attachment⚠ Highest risk60–90 min

Opening an attachment is the most common path to actual infection. Treat the system as compromised until the scans below come back clean. Work through these sub-steps in order:

8.1Disconnect from the network

Unplug Ethernet and turn off Wi-Fi. If the attachment was an info-stealer or remote-access trojan, this stops it from sending data out or receiving commands. Keep the network off until you've booted into Safe Mode (next step) - you'll reconnect there briefly to download the scanners.

8.2Boot into Safe Mode with Networking, then download the scanners

Windows 11: Settings → System → Recovery → Advanced startup → Restart now → Troubleshoot → Advanced options → Startup Settings → Restart → press 5 or F5.

Windows 10: hold Shift, click Power → Restart → Troubleshoot → Advanced options → Startup Settings → Restart → press F5.

Once Safe Mode has loaded, turn Wi-Fi back on and download Combo Cleaner (used in 8.4) and Microsoft Safety Scanner (used in 8.5). Safe Mode loads only minimal drivers, so most malware can't auto-run while you're getting the tools. Save both installers to your Desktop.

8.3Run Microsoft Defender Offline

Reboot to normal Windows. Open Windows Security → Virus & threat protection → Scan options. Select Microsoft Defender Antivirus (offline scan) and click Scan now. The PC restarts into a stripped-down environment and scans the disk before Windows fully loads - this is what catches rootkits and bootkits.

Recommended antivirus

Combo Cleaner

VB100 certified. Includes anti-trojan, registry/persistence scanning, and anti-spyware in one pass. The 7-day free trial is available.

Download Combo Cleaner

8.4Run a full Combo Cleaner scan

Install Combo Cleaner and run a full system scan (not the quick scan). Let it complete fully, review what it found, and apply the recommended actions. Combo Cleaner will quarantine known trojans and remove their persistence in the registry.

8.5Run Microsoft Safety Scanner as a second-opinion scan

Download Microsoft Safety Scanner (MSERT.exe). The binary expires every 10 days, which means every download has the latest signatures. Run a full scan after Combo Cleaner to catch anything one engine alone might miss.

8.6Reset browsers and clear notification permissions

Many email-borne trojans drop adware that hijacks browsers. Reset each browser you use:

Chrome: chrome://settings/reset → Restore settings to their original defaults. Then chrome://settings/content/notifications - remove unfamiliar sites.

Edge: edge://settings/reset. Then edge://settings/content/notifications.

Firefox: about:support → Refresh Firefox.

8.7Re-enable Defender, Tamper Protection, and update everything

Open Windows Security → Virus & threat protection → Manage settings and confirm Real-time protection, Cloud-delivered protection, and Tamper Protection are all on. Then run Settings → Windows Update → Check for updates and update browsers and applications.

Important

If the scans keep finding new threats on each run, or files reappear after deletion, you may have a deeper compromise that needs a clean Windows reinstall. See pcrisk's full manual malware removal guide for the extended procedure (Process Explorer, Autoruns, hosts file inspection).

9

You entered credentials on a fake login page

Scenario: shared password⚠ Act fast20 min

Assume the attacker has your password and is using it right now. Speed matters.

1. Change the password from a different, known-clean device (your phone is fine if it's not infected). Don't reuse the old password anywhere else.
2. Enable two-factor authentication if you haven't already. Prefer an authenticator app or hardware key over SMS.
3. Sign out of all sessions - most platforms have a "sign out everywhere" option in security settings, which kicks the attacker out.
4. Review recent activity - look for unfamiliar logins, new devices, forwarding rules, or app permissions. Remove anything you don't recognize.
5. Check your other accounts - if you reused that password anywhere else, change it there too. Check your exposure at haveibeenpwned.com.
6. Update security questions - the attacker may have seen the answers in your account profile.

Why email comes first

If you only have time to change one password, change your primary email password - it's the recovery hub for every other account. An attacker who controls your email can reset everything else.

10

You sent money or shared bank, card, or ID details

Scenario: financial loss⚠ Contact bank now30 min

Time is the single biggest factor in recovering money. Banks can sometimes recall a wire or reverse a card transaction within the first few hours.

1. Call your bank or card issuer immediately. Use the number on the back of the card, not any number from the scam email. Ask them to freeze the card, reverse the transaction if possible, and flag the account for fraud monitoring.
2. If you sent a wire transfer or used a money-transfer service (Western Union, MoneyGram, Zelle, Wise), call them directly and request a recall. Some can be reversed within minutes if reported fast.
3. If you sent cryptocurrency or gift cards, recovery is unlikely - but report it anyway, since law enforcement tracks these patterns.
4. File a police report. You'll need the report number for any insurance, bank, or credit-bureau claim. Save the report number.
5. File with the right authority for your country:
   • US: ic3.gov + reportfraud.ftc.gov
   • UK: reportfraud.police.uk (Report Fraud, the successor to Action Fraud; 0300 123 2040)
   • Canada: antifraudcentre.ca
   • Australia: scamwatch.gov.au
   • EU: your national CERT or police cybercrime unit
6. Set fraud alerts on all major credit bureaus if you shared any ID details. US: Equifax, Experian, TransUnion. UK: Experian, Equifax, TransUnion (Cifas Protective Registration is a stronger option).
7. Save all evidence - the original email (with full headers), screenshots of the fake site, transaction records, any phone numbers or chat logs.

Phase 4~ 15 min + 30 days

Verify & monitor

---

11

Final scan and startup-app check

15 min

Reconnect to the network and run one final full scan with Combo Cleaner, followed by a Windows Defender quick scan. Then open Task Manager (Ctrl + Shift + Esc) and switch to Startup apps - disable anything unfamiliar.

Make sure Windows, browsers, and any applications you use are fully up to date. The infection vector that worked on you once usually involves outdated software.

12

Monitor accounts and credit for 30 days

5 min/day · 30 days

Most fraud follow-ups land in the first month. Until that window closes, keep watching:

• Bank and card statements - daily for the first week, then weekly
• Email - watch for password-reset confirmations or login alerts you didn't trigger
• Credit report - US: free at annualcreditreport.com; UK: Experian, Equifax, TransUnion all have free tiers
• Breach alerts - sign up at haveibeenpwned.com to be notified when your email appears in new leaks

If anything new appears in any of those, treat it as a continuing compromise: change passwords again, contact the bank again, and update the police report.

Important: If you didn't click anything, didn't reply, and didn't open any attachment, your computer is not infected - just delete the email and move on. If you opened an attachment or downloaded a file, run an automated scan with Combo Cleaner and Windows Defender and stop there. That path catches the vast majority of email-borne malware without the risk of breaking Windows by deleting the wrong file.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Why did I receive this email?

Typically, these emails are impersonal and not tailored to the recipient. It is likely that you are one of many individuals who received the same fraudulent message.

I have provided my personal information when tricked by this email, what should I do?

Notify the relevant authorities about the scam and contact your bank immediately if you have provided your credit card information or any other sensitive data.

I have downloaded and opened a malicious file attached to an email, is my computer infected?

Executable files can infect a system as soon as they are opened, whereas documents may require additional actions, such as enabling macros, before the malware is triggered. Thus, whether your computer is infected depends on the type of file that was opened.

I have sent cryptocurrency to the address presented in such email, can I get my money back?

Unfortunately, cryptocurrency transactions are irreversible, meaning once the funds are sent to scammers, they cannot be undone or recovered.

I have read the email but did not open the attachment, is my computer infected?

Simply opening an email is not harmful, but clicking malicious links or opening infected attachments in suspicious emails can infect your system with malware.

Will Combo Cleaner remove malware infections that were present in email attachment?

Combo Cleaner can detect and remove most malware. It is important to note that advanced threats may be hidden deep within the system. To ensure complete removal, a full system scan is recommended.