Qulab Stealer

What is Qulab?

Qulab is high-risk malware written in the AutoIt scripting language. The purpose of this malware is to steal various personal details. Note that the presence of Qulab can cause a number of problems including serious privacy issues, financial loss, etc.

Qulab malware

This malware targets many data types. Qulab is categorized as a 'clipper' and, thus, continually monitors the system clipboard and replaces certain data. Qulab mostly searches for copied cryptowallet addresses and replaces them - this forces the user to unknowingly paste an alternative address (belonging to cyber criminals).

This can cause two issues: 1) victims who use cryptomining applications might insert cyber criminals' wallet address, and thus all revenue generated [mined currency] will be directed to the criminals, or; 2) users might end up accidentally transferring cryptocurrency directly to cyber criminals.

Qulab is also implemented with a 'grabbing feature', which allows it to steal various files. Unlike other high-end infections, however, Qulab targets only three file formats (.txt, .maFile, and wallet.dat) and only checks the victim's desktop for these files.

As with most data-stealing trojans, Qulab targets many browsers and records various information, including cookies, web data, saved account credentials, and other details. Qulab steals the chatting logs of the Discord application and targets Steam/Steam Desktop Authenticator applications to steal account credentials and other sensitive data (e.g., trade links).

Finally, Qulab steals various FTP credentials. Note that, unlike most data-stealing infections, Qulab does not use a Command & Control (C&C) server to transfer stolen data. All recorded information is sent to cyber criminals via Telegram, which is unusual.

In any case, cyber criminals aim to generate as much revenue as possible and are likely to misuse stolen data in various ways (e.g., via money transfers, online purchases, etc.). Therefore, data having a data-tracking such as Qulab installed on your computer might lead to serious privacy issues, significant financial loss, and even identity theft.

In addition, developers sell Qulab for ~$30 on hacker forums. The AutoIt scripting language is rather simple (as compared to other high-end programming languages) and requires much less knowledge. Therefore, any aspiring cyber criminal can purchase Qulab and start distributing this malware.

The more people who proliferate malware, the higher risk of infection. If you believe that your computer is infected with Qulab, immediately perform a full system scan and eliminate all detected threats.

Threat Summary:
Name	Qulab data stealer
Threat Type	Trojan, Password-stealing virus, Banking malware, Spyware
Detection Names	Avast (Win32:Trojan-gen), BitDefender (Trojan.GenericKD.41446035), ESET-NOD32 (A Variant Of Win32/Packed.AutoIt.NQ), Kaspersky (Trojan.Win32.Stealer.qz), Full List (VirusTotal)
Symptoms	Trojans are designed to stealthily infiltrate the victim's computer and remain silent, and thus no particular symptoms are clearly visible on an infected machine.
Distribution methods	Infected email attachments, malicious online advertisements, social engineering, software 'cracks'.
Damage	Stolen banking information, passwords, identity theft, victim's computer added to a botnet.
Malware Removal (Windows)	To eliminate possible malware infections, scan your computer with legitimate antivirus software. Our security researchers recommend using Combo Cleaner. Download Combo Cleaner To use full-featured product, you have to purchase a license for Combo Cleaner. 7 days free trial available. Combo Cleaner is owned and operated by RCS LT, the parent company of PCRisk.com.

There are dozens of data-stealers that share similarities with Qulab. For example, Osiris, Proton Bot Loader, Ave Maria, and PsiXBot. Some of these infections are even more advanced - they allow cyber criminals to remotely control the system, download/install additional malware, and so on.

Nevertheless, infections such as Qulab have just one purpose: to generate revenue for the developers. They pose a significant threat to your privacy and computer safety.

How did Qulab infiltrate my computer?

Criminals promote Qulab by presenting it as a legitimate application called DeepNude. This application scans female photos and uses various algorithms to replace clothed areas with naked body parts. In this way, the app allows users to "undress" women.

Although the application supposedly was not developed with malicious intentions, many people started misusing it to create fake naked pictures. These can be misused in various ways (for instance, to blackmail women). The application was shut down in late June 2019 (developers removed all download links, shut down their website, and all entries in GitHub were deleted).

Despite this, many people wished to acquire this application, and cyber criminals took advantage. There are many download links (especially in the descriptions of various YouTube videos) that present malicious executables as the DeepNude application. The link usually leads to a Pastebin page, which contains another link leading to Mega or Mediafire file sharing websites.

In this way, users simply end up manually downloading and installing Qulab. Proliferating malware via unofficial software download sources is not the only popular method used by cyber criminals.

These trojans are often distributed using spam email campaigns (malicious attachments), fake software updaters and 'cracks' and other trojans (chain infections). In any case, the main reasons for computer infections are poor knowledge of these threats and careless behavior.

How to avoid installation of malware?

Download programs from official sources only, using direct download links. Third party downloaders/installers often include rogue applications, and thus these tools should not be used. Keep installed applications and operating systems up-to-date at all times, however, use only implemented functions or tools provided by the official developer.

Software piracy is considered a cyber crime, and since most cracking tools are fake, the risk of infection is extremely high. Therefore, never attempt to crack installed applications. Handle all email attachments with care. Files/links received from suspicious/unrecognizable email addresses should not be opened.

The same applies to attachments that are irrelevant or do not concern you. Bear in mind that anti-virus/anti-spyware suites commonly detect and eliminate malware before the system is harmed. Therefore, we strongly advise you to have one of these tools installed and running at all times.

The key to computer safety is caution. If you believe that your computer is already infected, we recommend running a scan with Combo Cleaner Antivirus for Windows to automatically eliminate infiltrated malware.

List of browser data targeted by Qulab stealer:

.maFile
Cookies
Login Data
Web Data
cookies.sqlite
formhistory.sqlite
wallet.dat

List of web browsers targeted by Qulab Stealer:

360 Browser	AVAST Browser	Amigo
Blisk	Breaker Browser	Chromium
Chromodo	CocCoc	CometNetwork Browser
Comodo Dragon	CyberFox	Flock Browser
Ghost Browser	Google Chrome	IceCat
IceDragon	K-Meleon Browser	Mozilla Firefox
NETGATE Browser	Opera	Orbitum Browser
Pale Moon	QIP Surf	SeaMonkey
Torch	UCBrowser	Vivaldi
Waterfox	Yandex Browser	uCOZ Media

Qulab stealer promoted as DeepNude application in YouTube videos:

Qulab stealer promoted in YouTube videos

Screenshot of a Pastebin page containing download links of the fake DeepNude application (which is actually the Qulab stealer):

Qulab stealer promoted in Pastebin

How to remove malware manually?

Most trojan infections can be removed by running a full system scan with Combo Cleaner. The full manual procedure below is for cases where automatic removal failed, where you want to verify a scan caught everything, or where the threat has multiple persistence points.

Tools you'll need

Combo Cleaner Antivirus 7-days free trial

Recommended primary scanner. VB100 certified. The 7-day free trial is available.

Microsoft Defender Offline Free · built-in

Built into Windows. Boots to a clean environment to catch rootkits.

Process Explorer Free

From Microsoft Sysinternals. Better than Task Manager - shows full paths and signatures.

Autoruns Free

From Microsoft Sysinternals. Lists every place malware can persist on your system.

Microsoft Safety Scanner (MSERT) Free

Official Microsoft on-demand scanner. Always-current signatures - expires every 10 days.

Phase 1~ 5 min

Contain - limit the damage

Disconnect from the network

30 secNo tool needed

Unplug your Ethernet cable and turn off Wi-Fi. If you're on a laptop, the airplane-mode key works fastest.

Why this matters

Many trojans exfiltrate data - saved browser passwords, banking sessions, screenshots - and accept remote commands. Cutting the network stops both immediately. Keep it disconnected until Phase 4.

Boot into Safe Mode with Networking

3 min

Safe Mode loads a minimal set of drivers and stops most malware from auto-running. "With Networking" lets you download tools - re-enable Wi-Fi only after you've booted in.

Windows 11

Open Settings → System → Recovery. Click Restart now next to Advanced startup.

Your computer will restart into the "Choose an option" menu. Click Troubleshoot → Advanced options → Startup Settings → Restart. After the second reboot, press 5 or F5.

Run Windows 11 in Safe Mode with Networking

Windows 10

Click the Windows logo, hold Shift, click the Power icon and choose Restart. In the Choose an option screen, click Troubleshoot → Advanced options → Startup Settings → Restart. Press F5.

Windows 8

Go to the Start Screen, type Advanced, select Settings → Advanced startup options → Restart now → Troubleshoot → Advanced options → Startup settings → Restart → F5.

Note: Windows 8 reached end-of-life in January 2023 - running on it puts you at much higher risk of reinfection.

Windows 7

Click Start → Shut Down → Restart → OK. As the system boots, press F8 repeatedly until the Windows Advanced Options menu appears, then choose Safe Mode with Networking.

Note: Windows 7 reached end-of-life in January 2020 - running on it puts you at much higher risk of reinfection.

Phase 2~ 15 min

Identify - find what's hiding

Inspect running processes with Process Explorer

Tool: Process Explorer5 min

Download Process Explorer from Microsoft Sysinternals. Run it as Administrator. Click Options → Verify Image Signatures and View → Lower Pane View → DLLs.

Sort by "Verified Signer." Anything unsigned running from %AppData%, %LocalAppData%, %Temp%, or %ProgramData% is suspicious. Right-click → Properties to see the full image path. Right-click → "Search Online" to look up unfamiliar process names.

Why not just Task Manager

Task Manager hides full file paths, doesn't show digital signatures, and groups processes in ways that make malware easy to miss. Process Explorer is the same tool Microsoft engineers use.

Process Explorer showing a suspicious unsigned process running from %AppData%

Map every persistence point with Autoruns

Tool: Autoruns 14.x10 min

Download Autoruns. Right-click Autoruns.exe and choose Run as administrator - without elevation, Autoruns can't inspect protected registry hives.

In the menu, open Options → Hide Microsoft Entries and Options → Hide Empty Locations, then click Refresh.

Modern trojans don't just live in startup. Walk through these tabs and look for unsigned or unfamiliar entries:

Logon - classic Run/RunOnce keys
Scheduled Tasks - frequent hiding spot, especially tasks with PowerShell, MSHTA, or rundll32 actions
Services - unsigned services in non-Microsoft folders
WMI - Event Subscriptions are a stealthy persistence mechanism (MITRE T1546.003)
Image Hijacks - Image File Execution Options "Debugger" abuse
AppInit - DLLs loaded into every GUI process
Browser plug-ins - unsigned add-ons across all installed browsers

Pro tip

Right-click any suspicious entry → "Jump to Image" to see the actual file. Right-click → "Search Online" opens VirusTotal for the file hash. Don't delete yet - just write down the file paths and entry names. We'll remove them after the scans.

Autoruns 14.x with Hide Microsoft Entries enabled showing the Logon and Scheduled Tasks tabs

Check the hosts file and DNS settings

3 minBuilt into Windows

Trojans often redirect bank, antivirus, and update domains to attacker-controlled servers by editing the hosts file or DNS settings.

Hosts file: Open Notepad as Administrator and open C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts. Legitimate entries are commented with #. Any uncommented IP-to-domain mapping is suspicious - especially redirects for microsoft.com, windowsupdate, or your bank.

DNS settings: Open Command Prompt as Administrator and run ipconfig /all. Confirm your DNS servers point to your ISP, your router, or a known public resolver (Cloudflare 1.1.1.1, Google 8.8.8.8). Then open Settings → Network & internet → [your adapter] → DNS server assignment and verify both DNS and DNS over HTTPS (DoH) settings haven't been hijacked.

Why this matters

A clean PC with hijacked DNS is still a compromised PC. You'll think you're at chase.com and you'll be at the attacker's clone.

Phase 3~ 60-90 min

Remove - three scans, one cleanup

No single antivirus catches everything. The order below is intentional: offline scan first (catches rootkits before Windows fully loads), then on-demand scanners on the running system, then manual cleanup of anything they missed.

Run Microsoft Defender Offline

Tool: Built into Windows15 min

Reboot to normal Windows. Open Windows Security → Virus & threat protection → Scan options. Select Microsoft Defender Antivirus (offline scan) and click Scan now. Your computer will restart into a stripped-down environment and scan before the full operating system loads.

Why this comes first

Rootkits and bootkits hide from any scanner running on the same Windows session that's already infected. A pre-boot offline scan sees the disk before the malware can hide itself.

Recommended antivirus

Combo Cleaner

VB100 certified. Includes anti-trojan, registry/persistence scanning, anti-spyware in one pass. The 7-day free trial is available.

Download Combo Cleaner

Run Combo Cleaner full system scan

Tool: Combo Cleaner20-40 min

Install Combo Cleaner and run a full system scan (not the quick scan). Let it complete fully, review the detected threats, and apply the recommended actions. Combo Cleaner will quarantine known trojans and registry persistence.

Combo Cleaner full scan results showing detected threats

Run Microsoft Safety Scanner as a second-opinion scan

Tool: Microsoft Safety Scanner15 min

Download Microsoft Safety Scanner (MSERT.exe), Microsoft's free on-demand tool. The binary expires every 10 days, which means every download has the latest signatures. Run a full scan after Combo Cleaner to catch anything one engine alone might miss.

Why a second scan

Different scanning engines catch different threats. Running an additional Microsoft scan after Combo Cleaner is the single most underused verification step in malware removal.

Manually remove anything still listed in Autoruns

Tool: Autoruns10 min

Reopen Autoruns. Anything you flagged in Step 4 that's still present hasn't been caught by the automated scans. For each remaining suspicious entry: right-click → Delete in Autoruns (this removes the persistence registration), then navigate to the file path and delete the actual file. Empty the Recycle Bin.

Important

Some malware files reappear after deletion because something else on the system recreates them. If you delete a file and it returns within minutes, you have a remaining persistence point that Autoruns didn't show - usually a service or scheduled task running under SYSTEM. Re-run the scans from Steps 6-8 or proceed to a clean install (see end of guide).

Phase 4~ 15 min

Recover - restore browsers and security

Reset browsers and clear notification permissions

5 min

Trojans and adware frequently hijack browsers - change the default search engine, install rogue extensions, or grant themselves notification permissions to keep displaying scam pop-ups even after the malware is gone.

Chrome: visit chrome://settings/reset and click "Restore settings to their original defaults." Then visit chrome://settings/content/notifications and remove any unfamiliar sites.
Edge: visit edge://settings/reset. Then check edge://settings/content/notifications.
Firefox: open about:support and click Refresh Firefox (Firefox uses "Refresh," not "Reset"). Then check Settings → Privacy & Security → Permissions → Notifications.

Review installed extensions in each browser and remove anything you don't recognize, especially extensions you didn't install yourself.

Re-enable Defender, Tamper Protection, and update everything

10 min

Many trojans disable security software. Open Windows Security → Virus & threat protection → Manage settings and confirm Real-time protection, Cloud-delivered protection, and Tamper Protection are all turned on. Tamper Protection prevents malware from disabling Defender silently.

Then run Windows Update (Settings → Windows Update → Check for updates) and update your browsers and applications. The infection vector that let the trojan in originally usually involves outdated software.

Phase 5~ 15 min + 7 days

Verify & secure

Change passwords from a clean device

20 min⚠ Critical

If the trojan was an info-stealer (Lumma, RedLine, Vidar, and similar are extremely common), assume every password saved in your browser is compromised. Change them from a different, known-clean device - your phone is fine if it's not infected.

Recommended order:

Primary email first - it's the recovery hub for everything else
Banking and financial accounts
Password manager master password (if you use one)
Social media, shopping, and remaining accounts

Where available, enable phishing-resistant multi-factor authentication (passkeys / FIDO2 hardware keys / authenticator apps) - SMS-based MFA is bypassable by sophisticated attackers.

Verify the clean and monitor for 7 days

5 min + 1 week monitoring

Reconnect to the network and run one final full scan with Combo Cleaner. Open Task Manager (Ctrl + Shift + Esc) and switch to the Startup apps tab - confirm nothing suspicious has reappeared.

Over the next 7 days, watch for symptom recurrence: unexpected high CPU usage, unknown processes returning, browser redirects, or pop-ups. If anything returns, you missed a persistence point and the procedure needs to be repeated - or you may have a deeper compromise that requires a clean install.

Verifying malware removal in the Windows 11 Task Manager Startup apps tab

When to clean install Windows instead

Manual removal isn't always the right answer. Reinstalling Windows from scratch is the only way to be 100% certain when:

The malware reappears after every removal attempt
A bootkit or UEFI rootkit was detected (this class of threat sits below the operating system and survives a normal Windows reinstall)
A confirmed credential-theft trojan ran with administrator privileges (Lumma, RedLine, Vidar) - the system likely has multiple unknown payloads
The PC is used for online banking, business email, or anything where partial doubt isn't acceptable

A clean install is a 30-60 minute process: Windows 11 reinstall via Settings → System → Recovery → Reset this PC → Remove everything → Cloud download. Back up documents to external storage first, scan the backup with Combo Cleaner before restoring it, and reinstall applications fresh - never restore them from a backup of the infected system.

Important: Manual removal requires advanced computer skills. If you're not confident identifying system files from malicious files, run an automated scan with Combo Cleaner and Windows Defender and stop there - that path catches the vast majority of consumer trojans without the risk of breaking Windows by deleting the wrong file.